What is Git & Github?

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GIT
Git is a distributed version control system (DVCS) that helps developers track changes in their codebase and collaborate with others.
It was created by Linus Torvalds in 2005 to manage the development of the Linux kernel, but it has since become widely used in various software development projects.

Some key concepts and features of Git:

Version Control: Git allows developers to track changes to their code over time. Every change made to the codebase is recorded, and developers can navigate through different versions of the code, revert to previous states, and understand the history of the project.

Distributed System: Unlike centralized version control systems, Git is distributed. Each developer has their own local copy of the entire project, along with its complete history. This makes Git more resilient to network failures and allows developers to work offline.

Branching: One of Git's most powerful features is branching. Developers can create separate branches to work on specific features or fixes without affecting the main codebase. Branches can be merged back into the main branch when the work is complete.

Merging: Git allows developers to merge changes from one branch into another. This is especially useful when multiple developers are working on different features simultaneously, and their changes need to be combined.

Collaboration: Git facilitates collaboration among multiple developers. Changes can be shared between team members through a central repository, and conflicts can be resolved during the merging process.

Commit: A commit in Git represents a snapshot of the code at a particular point in time. Each commit has a unique identifier (hash) and includes the changes made to the code since the last commit.

Repository: A Git repository is a collection of files and the version history of those files. Repositories can be local (on a developer's machine) or remote (on a server), allowing for collaboration between developers.



GitHUB


GitHub is a web-based platform that provides hosting for software development and version control using Git. 
It allows developers to collaborate on projects, track changes, and manage code repositories. GitHub was founded in 2008 by Tom Preston-Werner, Chris Wanstrath, and PJ Hyett.

Key features of GitHub:

Git Repository Hosting: GitHub allows developers to host their Git repositories on the platform. This makes it easy to share code with others and collaborate on projects.

Collaboration: Developers can work together on projects by contributing code, reporting issues, and discussing changes. GitHub provides tools for code review, making it easier to maintain code quality.

Pull Requests: A pull request is a way for developers to propose changes to a codebase. It allows others to review the proposed changes, comment on them, and suggest modifications before the changes are merged into the main branch.

Issue Tracking: GitHub includes an issue tracking system that allows developers to report bugs, request features, and discuss project-related issues. Issues can be labeled, assigned, and prioritized.

Wikis and Documentation: GitHub provides wikis for documentation, allowing developers to create and maintain project documentation directly on the platform. This can include information about the project's structure, APIs, and usage.

Actions and Workflows: GitHub Actions enables the automation of workflows, such as continuous integration and deployment. Developers can define custom workflows to automate various tasks, enhancing the development and testing process.

GitHub Pages: Developers can use GitHub Pages to host static websites directly from their GitHub repositories. This is often used for project documentation or personal/portfolio websites.

Social Features: GitHub has social features that allow developers to follow each other, "star" repositories, and contribute to open source projects. This helps build a sense of community and recognition for developers and projects.

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